The article encompasses a systematic review of 31 published empirical studies on diversion programs for individuals with substance use disorders. Program characteristics, implementation settings, and outcomes are assessed. Findings demonstrated limited but promising evidence for improvements in recidivism, substance use, and psychosocial outcomes.

The study focuses on that diversion treatment is an approach that involves law enforcement and individuals. In this case, individuals with substance use disorders (SUD). Through interviews and focus groups the authors seek to gather insights about attitudes and perceptions about non-arrest programs among police and individuals with substance use disorders. Results demonstrate that from the police perspective the biggest barrier to using alternatives to arrest is police culture. And individuals with SUDs had positive attitudes about non-arrest programs, but negative attitudes about police and the justice system overall.